Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences by Title
Now showing items 204-223 of 2386
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Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study
(Elsevier, 2017)Background The relationship between macronutrients and cardiovascular disease and mortality is controversial. Most available data are from European and North American populations where nutrition excess is more likely, so ... -
Associations of linoleic acid with markers of glucose metabolism and liver function in South African adults
(BMC, 2020)Background The relation between dietary and circulating linoleic acid (18:2 n-6, LA), glucose metabolism and liver function is not yet clear. Associations of dietary and circulating LA with glucose metabolism and liver ... -
Associations of outdoor fine particulate air pollution and cardiovascular disease in 157 436 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
(Elsevier, 2020)Background Most studies of long-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2·5) and cardiovascular disease are from high-income countries with relatively low PM2·5 concentrations. It is unclear whether risks are ... -
Associations of plasma total phospholipid fatty acid patterns with feeding practices, growth, and psychomotor development in 6‐month‐old South African infants
(Wiley, 2019)The objective of this study was to assess plasma fatty acid (FA) patterns of 6‐month‐old South African infants and to determine their association with feeding practices, growth, and psychomotor development. Plasma total ... -
Associations of suPAR with lifestyle and cardiometabolic risk factors
(Wiley, 2014)Background: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), a novel indicator of low-grade inflammation, is associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in the general population, while an unhealthy ... -
Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2016)Background Several studies reported a U-shaped association between urinary sodium excretion and cardiovascular disease events and mortality. Whether these associations vary between those individuals with and without ... -
Asthma control limitations in selected primary health care clinics
(AOSIS, 2009)Primary health care services worldwide are currently experiencing many quality-related problems. Efforts to improve these services appear to be sporadic and unsatisfactory. Investigations have revealed (Sharma & Sharma ... -
Asymmetric dimethylarginine and l-homoarginine prospectively relate to carotid wall thickness in a South African cohort
(Springer, 2020)Background and aims The L-arginine derivatives asymmetric (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), as well as L-homoarginine may have opposing effects in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate ... -
Asymmetric dimethylarginine and symmetric dimethylarginine prospectively relates to carotid wall thickening in black men: the SABPA study
(Springer, 2017)The relationship of both asymmetric (ADMA) and symmetric (SDMA) dimethylarginine with carotid wall thickness is inconclusive especially among black populations. We aimed to compare carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and ... -
Athletic-ideal internalisation: lived experiences of female students
(NWU, 2020)Research has shown a clear relationship between the thin-ideal internalisation, disturbed eating and body-related disturbances. With regard to athletic internalisation, the relationship with these outcomes appears to be ... -
Attachment relationships of preschool-aged children of mothers with HIV and HIV-related psychosis
(Taylor & Francis, 2016)Children from mothers with HIV-related psychosis are frequently raised in challenging contexts, yet the extent to which these children grow up in insecure or disordered attachment relationships is unknown. Using the Strange ... -
Attenuated brain-derived neurotrophic factor and hypertrophic remodelling: the SABPA study
(Springer Nature, 2015)Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been linked to neurological pathologies, but its role in cardiometabolic disturbances is limited. We aimed to assess the association between serum BDNF levels and structural ... -
Attenuated IGF-1 predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a Black population: a five-year prospective study
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2016)Background: Inconsistent findings are reported on whether insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is protective or harmful in predicting hypertension, carotid wall thickness and mortality. We determined the five-year ... -
Attenuated NOx responses and myocardial ischemia, a possible risk for structural vascular disease in African men: the SABPA study
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014)Chronically elevated blood pressure has been associated with impaired NO-mediated vasodilation and structural vascular disease risk. This study aimed to determine whether significant associations exist regarding NO metabolite ... -
Attributes, skills and knowledge of fashion entrepreneurs: an integrated perspective
(University of the Free State, 2011)Fashion entrepreneurship development is a means to a country's economic development, which implies developing a competent entrepreneurial population. The aim of this study was to acquire a perspective on the personal ... -
Autistic-like behaviours and associated brain structural plasticity are modulated by oxytocin in maternally separated rats
(Elsevier, 2020)Background Early psycho-social experiences influence the developing brain and possible onset of various neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ASD is characterized by a variety of brain ... -
Autonomic activity and its relationship with the endogenous cardiotonic steroid marinobufagenin: the African-PREDICT study
(Taylor & Francis, 2020)Aim: Marinobufagenin (MBG), a cardiotonic steroid and a natriuretic hormone, is elevated in response to high salt diet consumption. In animal models salt intake stimulates adrenocortical MBG secretion via increased angiotensin ... -
Autonomic activity and leptin in Africans and whites: the SABPA study
(Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2014)Objectives: Evidence exists that leptin enhances sympathetic activity and may thereby contribute to the development of obesity-related hypertension. Sympathetic activation also seems more prominent in Africans than whites. ... -
Autonomy-related parenting processes and adolescent adjustment in Latinx immigrant families
(Springer, 2019)It is unclear how autonomy-related parenting processes are associated with Latinx adolescent adjustment. This study uses Latent Profile Analysis to identify typologies of parental monitoring and parent–adolescent conflict ... -
Availability and affordability of blood pressure-lowering medicines and the effect on blood pressure control in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study data
(Elsevier, 2017)Background Hypertension is considered the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but its control is poor worldwide. We aimed to assess the availability and affordability of blood pressure-lowering medicines, ...