Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences by Title
Now showing items 358-377 of 2377
-
Characterisation of and exposure of workers to tailings dust at South African platinum mines
(Mine Ventiliation Society of South Africa, 2009)The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has conducted research to improve the ventilation of large-opening mines whose entries are at least 93m2 (1,000 ft2). The ventilation of large-opening mines ... -
The characteristics of compassionate care during childbirth according to midwives: a qualitative descriptive inquiry
(BMC, 2020)Abstract Background: Although compassion is considered to be of prime importance in nursing and midwifery, there is no clear understanding of what compassionate care in childbirth entails, and how midwives perceive ... -
Characterization of an alginate encapsulated LS180 spheroid model for anti-colorectal cancer compound screening
(ACS, 2020)Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. A main problem for its treatment is resistance to chemotherapy, requiring the development of new drugs. The success rate of new candidate cancer drugs ... -
Characterization of personal solar ultraviolet radiation exposure using detrended fluctuation analysis
(Elsevier, 2020)Studies of personal solar ultraviolet radiation (pUVR) exposure are important to identify populations at-risk of excess and insufficient exposure given the negative and positive health impacts, respectively, of time spent ... -
Characterization of polymorph transformations that decrease the stability of tablets containing the who essential drug mebendazole
(Elsevier, 2010)This study investigated the influence of moisture and heat on the stability of mebendazole polymorph C in tablets. The polymorphic forms of mebendazole display significant differences in solubility and therapeutic efficacy ... -
Characterization of solid lipid dispersions prepared by hot fusion containing a double-fixed dose combination of artemether and lumefantrine
(Taylor & Francis, 2020)bjective The World Health Organization has called for the development of novel drug delivery systems to combat malaria – the fourth most prevalent cause of death globally. The plausibility of utilizing hot fusion to prepare ... -
Characterization of the cell-free DNA released by cultured cancer cells
(Elsevier, 2016)The most prominent factor that delays the translation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analyses to clinical practice is the lack of knowledge regarding its origin and composition. The elucidation of the former is complicated by ... -
Chemical composition, but not specific surface area, affects calcium retention of nanostructured calcium compounds in growing rats
(Oxford Univ Press, 2017)Background: Low dietary calcium intake and bioavailability may adversely affect bone health. Reducing the size of calcium compounds increases their specific surface area (SSA, expressed as m2/g) and may increase calcium ... -
Child health, infant formula funding and South African health professionals: eliminating conflict of interest
(HMPG, 2019)Despite clear evidence of the benefits of exclusive and continued breastfeeding for children, women and society, far too few children in South Africa (SA) are breastfed. One of the major impediments to improving this ... -
Chronic defensiveness and neuroendocrine dysfunction reflect a novel cardiac troponin T cut point: the SABPA study
(Elsevier, 2017)Background Sympatho-adrenal responses are activated as an innate defense coping (DefS) mechanism during emotional stress. Whether these sympatho-adrenal responses drive cardiac troponin T (cTnT) increases are unknown. ... -
Chronic depression symptoms and salivary NOx are associated with retinal vascular dysregulation: the SABPA study
(Elsevier, 2016)Background Depression has been associated with impaired nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation and vascular dysregulation (VD). Whether depression and NO levels will disturb retinal haemodynamics is not clear. Objectives ... -
Chronic depression symptoms desensitize renin activity to protect against volume-loading hypertension in Blacks: the SABPA study
(Elsevier, 2018)Background Low-renin levels in Blacks have been associated with volume-loading hypertension (HT). Depression symptoms, frequently co-occurring with vascular dysregulation, might reflect a disturbed renin-angiotensin-ald ... -
Chronic disease list conditions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the private healthcare sector of South Africa
(Springer, 2018)Introduction Little is known about the burden of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in South Africa. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of RA and coexisting chronic disease list (CDL) conditions in the private ... -
Chronic distress and acute vascular stress responses associated with ambulatory blood pressure in low-testosterone African men: the SABPA Study
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014)It is known that low testosterone (T) and high cortisol levels are associated with hypertension as well as with chronic stress, linking stress with elevated blood pressure (BP). However, the association between acute ... -
Chronic mild stress induces anhedonic behavior and changes in glutamate release, BDNF trafficking and dendrite morphology only in stress vulnerable rats. The rapid restorative action of ketamine
(Elsevier, 2019)Depression is a debilitating mental disease, characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia. Stress represents a major environmental risk factor for depression; the complex interaction of stress with genetic factors ... -
Chronic restraint stress increases the protein expression of VEGF and its receptor VEGFR-2 in the prefrontal cortex
(Wiley, 2015)In the present study the central and peripheral regulation of VEGF, its cognate receptors, and regulators were examined after acute and chronic restraint stress in rats. After chronic restraint stress (6 h per day for 21 ... -
Chronic treatment with the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors sildenafil and tadalafil display anxiolytic effects in Flinders Sensitive Line rats
(Springer, 2012)There are conflicting results from behavioural studies regarding whether the activation or inhibition of the cGMP-nitric oxide (NO) pathway induces anxiolytic-like behaviour. Sildenafil, an inhibitor of cGMP-selective ... -
Circadian rhythm and day to day variability of serum potassium concentration: a pilot study
(Springer Verlag, 2015)Background Hyperkalemia is a common and life–threatening complication frequently seen in patients with acute kidney injury, end–stage renal disease and chronic heart failure. Cardiac arrest and ventricular fibrillation are ... -
Circular economy and environmental health in low- and middle-income countries
(BMC, 2019)Background The circular economy framework for human production and consumption is an alternative to the traditional, linear concept of ‘take, make, and dispose’. Circular economy (CE) principles comprise of ‘design out ... -
The circumstances and needs of adolescent orphans in foster care
(University of Stellenbosch, 2012)HIV and AIDS have a major impact on families and on community structures in South Africa. Children are especially affected when they are orphaned. Research was undertaken to identify the circumstances and needs of adolescent ...