Worldwide, there are approximately 100 Haliotis species, more commonly known as abalone or ‘Paua’ in New Zealand, ‘Venus's‐ears’ in Greece, ‘Awabi’ in Japan, ‘Perlemoen’ in South Africa and ‘Ormers’ in Europe. Regardless ...

Introduction Oxygen is essential for metabolic processes and in the absence thereof alternative metabolic pathways are required for energy production, as seen in marine invertebrates like abalone. Even though hypoxia has ...

The South African abalone farming industry is entirely based on Haliotis midae, which has been commercially cultured with great success the last 20 years. Even though abalone are cultivated under identical farming conditions, ...