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Transformation of nitrogen functional forms and the accompanying chemical-structural properties emanating from pyrolysis of bituminous coals

Phiri, Zebron; Everson, Raymond C.; Neomagus, Hein W.J.P.; Wood, Barry J. (Elsevier, 2018)

Characterisation of simultaneous changes in nitrogen functionalities and condensed aromatic crystallites during pyrolysis of bituminous coals was conducted. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was utilised to determine ...

Structural and chemical modifications of typical South African biomasses during torrefaction

Mafu, Lihle D.; Neomagus, Hein W.J.P.; Everson, Raymond C.; Strydom, Christien A.; Bunt, John R. (Elsevier, 2016)

Torrefaction experiments were carried out for three typical South African biomass samples (softwood chips, hardwood chips and sweet sorghum bagasse) to a weight loss of 30 wt.%. During torrefaction, moisture, non-structural ...

Influence of maceral composition on the structure, properties and behaviour of chars derived from South African coals

Roberts, Mokone J.; Everson, Raymond C.; Neomagus, Hein W.J.P.; Branken, David J.; Van Niekerk, Daniel (Elsevier, 2015)

The generation of coal chars is an important intermediate step in coal conversion processes such as combustion and gasification. The char structure impacts their behaviour in these processes. Detailed investigations on ...

The characterisation of slow-heated inertinite- and vitrinite-rich coals from the South African coalfields

Roberts, Mokone J.; Everson, Raymond C.; Neomagus, Hein W.J.P.; Okolo, Gregory N.; Van Niekerk, Daniel (Elsevier, 2015)

The development of coal char structures with pyrolysis has been extensively investigated but has traditionally been focused on the carboniferous coals in the northern Hemisphere. In this investigation, the properties of ...