Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences by Title
Now showing items 2277-2296 of 2386
-
Ultrasound comparison of the effects of prehabilitation exercises and the scapular assistance test on the acromiohumeral distance
(ASSAf, 2017)Background: Prolonged participation in overhead sports creates shoulder muscle imbalances which eventually alter the efficacy of the shoulder stabiliser muscles and heighten injury risk, such as subacromial impingement ... -
Unbalanced biotransformation metabolism and oxidative stress status: implications for deficient fatty acid oxidation
(Scientific Research, 2011)The concept of accumulating xenobiotics within the human body as a health risk is well known. However, these compounds can also be endo-genous, as in the case of inborn errors of me-tabolism, and lead to some of the same ... -
Undernutrition in the developing world
(Karger, 2015)Key Messages Undernutrition is an outcome of many interlinked disadvantages rooted in poverty. "It is also a major cause of poverty. There is a vicious cycle between undernutrition, low human capital, underdevelopment, ... -
Understanding goal motivations in deprived contexts: perspectives of adults in two rural South African communities
(Springer, 2018)The aim of the present study was to explore and describe the goals and motivations underlying them for adults living in rural African contexts using an inductive approach. Seventy participants (n = 25 males, n = 45 females) ... -
Understanding well-being in the Ghanaian context: linkages between lay conceptions of well-being and measures of hedonic and eudaimonic well-being
(Springer, 2019)The aim of this study was to explore the measurement and conceptualisation of well-being within the Ghanaian socio-cultural setting. In addition to testing the structural validity of two commonly used well-being scales, ... -
UNICEF training package for scaling up skilled community infant and young child feeding counselors: Zimbabwe experience
(Elsevier, 2015)In the context of improving nutrition in Zimbabwe and other developing "countries, the need to build the capacity" of community–based healthworkers (CBWs) is well recognized.1 This capacity is needed to support mothers and ... -
Unintentional injuries and socio-psychological correlates among school-going adolescents in four ASEAN countries
(Dove Medical Press, 2019)Objectives: The study aimed to report the prevalence and socio-psychological correlates of non-fatal injury among school adolescents in four ASEAN countries. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional research data from the ... -
Unpacking, summing and anchoring in retrospective time estimation
(Elsevier, 2019)We examined whether or not interventions that have been used to try to influence predictions of future task duration – unpacking, summing and anchoring – had a similar effect on retrospective estimations of duration. In ... -
Untold Stories of a group of Black South Africans about the Apartheid Era
(National Inquiry Services Centre(NISC) Pty Ltd, 2009)The aim of this research was to explore the alternative stories of a group of black adults who survived the apartheid years in South Africa. In common parlance it is held that there are two sides to a story and surely, ... -
An update on derivatisation and repurposing of clinical nitrofuran drugs
(Elsevier, 2019)5-nitrofurans (NFs) have been in clinical use for over 60 years. These affordable drugs are used for the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from urinary tract infections to cancer. The anti-pathogenic effect ... -
Urbanization of black South African women may increase risk of low bone mass due to low vitamin D status, low calcium intake and high bone turnover
(Elsevier, 2011)Globally, rural to urban migration is accompanied by changes in dietary patterns and lifestyle that have serious health implications, including development of low bone mass. We hypothesized that serum 25 (OH) vitamin D3 ... -
Urgency for South Africa to prioritise cardiovascular disease management
(Elsevier, 2019)Over the past few decades, the burden of high blood pressure has shifted from high-income to low-income and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa.1 Raised blood pressure is accompanied by rising obesity ... -
Uric acid and the cardiovascular profile of African and caucasian men
(Macmillan Publishers Ltd, 2010) -
Urinary albumin excretion from spot urine samples predict all-cause and stroke mortality in Africans
(Oxford University Press, 2014)BACKGROUND: Increased urinary albumin excretion reflects general vascular damage and predicts adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Albuminuria can be determined from easily collected spot urine samples, especially ... -
Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio is inversely related to nitric oxide synthesis in young black adults: the African-PREDICT study
(Nature, 2020)Hypertension is common in black populations and is known to be associated with low nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. We compared plasma and urinary NO-related markers and plasma creatine kinase (CK) levels between young ... -
Urinary excretion of platinum (Pt) following skin and respiratory exposure to soluble Pt at South African precious metals refineries
(Elsevier, 2018)Adverse respiratory and skin health effects have been associated with occupational exposure to soluble platinum (Pt). However, the relationship between skin exposure and urinary Pt excretion has not yet been investigated. ... -
Urinary excretion of platinum from South African precious metals refinery workers
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2018)Background Urinary platinum (Pt) excretion is a reliable biomarker for occupational Pt exposure and has been previously reported for precious metals refinery workers in Europe but not for South Africa, the world’s largest ... -
Urinary peptidomics and pulse wave velocity: The African-predict study
(ACS Publications, 2023-09-09)Increased arterial stiffness is related to early vascular aging and is an independent predictor for cardio vascular disease and mortality. Molecular mechanisms underlying increased arterial stiffness are largely unexplored, ... -
Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events
(Massachusetts Medical Society, 2014)BACKGROUND The optimal range of sodium intake for cardiovascular health is controversial. METHODS We obtained morning fasting urine samples from 101,945 persons in 17 countries and estimated 24-hour sodium and potassium ... -
Urinary sodium excretion, blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: a community-level prospective epidemiological cohort study
(Elsevier, 2018)Background WHO recommends that populations consume less than 2 g/day sodium as a preventive measure against cardiovascular disease, but this target has not been achieved in any country. This recommendation is primarily ...