Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences by Title
Now showing items 1841-1860 of 2386
-
Radiopharmaceutical enhancement by drug delivery systems: a review
(Elsevier, 2018)Introduction Drug delivery systems are entities designed to alter the biological behaviour of the pharmaceutical active ingredients that they carry in order to afford more beneficial biodistribution and safety profiles. ... -
Randomised controlled feasibility trial of a web-based weight management intervention with nurse support for obese patients in primary care
(BioMed Central, 2014)Background: There is a need for cost-effective weight management interventions that primary care can deliver to reduce the morbidity caused by obesity. Automated web-based interventions might provide a solution, but ... -
A randomized, controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids plus an antioxidant for relapse prevention after antipsychotic discontinuation in first-episode schizophrenia
(Elsevier, 2014)Background: While antipsychotics are effective in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia they have safety and tolerability risks. We investigated whether a combination of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω−3 ... -
Rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine correlates with astroglial plasticity in the hippocampus
(Wiley, 2017)Background and purpose Astroglia contribute to the pathophysiology of major depression and antidepressant drugs act by modulating synaptic plasticity; therefore, the present study investigated whether the fast antidepressant ... -
Rapid cell lysis and DNA capture in a lysis microreactor
(Elsevier, 2012)In clinical diagnostics, the detection and identification of bacterial organisms based on the analysis of their nucleic acids require cell lysis and DNA extraction from clinical samples. A lysis microreactor (LMR) has been ... -
Rapid effects of S-ketamine on the morphology of hippocampal astrocytes and BDNF serum levels in a sex-dependent manner
(Elsevier, 2020)The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is higher in women than men. Importantly, a differential behavioral response by sex to the antidepressant response to ketamine in rodents has been reported. Mechanistically, ... -
Rapid thermal cycling of three phase change materials (PCMs) for cooking applications
(Springer, 2018)The suitability of the use of acetanilide, meso-erythritol and In-48Sn as phase change materials (PCMs) in latent heat thermal storage systems (LHTES) for cooking applications has been investigated under high charging and ... -
Rasch analysis of the Meaning in life Questionnaire among adults from South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Meaning in life is a key indicator of subjective well-being and quality of life. Further developments in understanding and enhancing the construct will depend inter alia on the sound measurement thereof. This ... -
Rasch analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale across countries: findings from South Africa and Italy
(Springer, 2019)The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) is widely used to assess global satisfaction with life. Although the scale’s psychometric properties were extensively investigated through different methods, Rasch analysis can provide ... -
The rat hippocampal gliovascular system following one week vortioxetine and fluoxetine
(Elsevier, 2020)We have previously reported that vortioxetine, unlike the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, produces a rapid increase of dendritic spine number and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)-associated ... -
(Re)creating community: experiences of older women forcibly relocated during apartheid
(Wiley, 2014)This article explores sense of community with a group of older African women, who were forcibly relocated during apartheid. The situation of a marginalised group, with a history of disconnection from younger generations ... -
Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) for home-basednutritional rehabilitation of severe acute malnutrition inchildren from six months to five years of age
(Wiley, 2019)Background Management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children comprises two potential phases: stabilisation and rehabilitation. During the initial stabilisation phase, children receive treatment for dehydration, ... -
Reappraisal of spontaneous stereotypy in the deer mouse as an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): response to chronic escitalopram treatment and basal serotonin transporter (SERT) density
(Elsevier, 2013)Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent thoughts and repetitive motor actions. Hyposerotonergic signalling in the cortico-striatal circuitry is believed to be central to the pathology of OCD, while ... -
Recent advances in radical C-H bond functionalization of imidazoheterocycles
(Wiley, 2020)Direct C−H bond functionalization through radical pathway has emerged as a powerful and ideal strategy for the synthesis of organic compounds. This review provides an overview of recent developments in radical C−H ... -
Recent advances in the synthesis and development of nitroaromatics as anti-infective drugs
(Bentham Science, 2020)Infectious diseases commonly occur in tropical and sub-tropical countries. The pathogens of such diseases are able to multiply in human hosts, warranting their continual survival. Infections that are commonplace include ... -
Recent advances in three-dimensional cell culturing to assess liver function and dysfunction: from a drug biotransformation and toxicity perspective
(Taylor & Francis, 2018)The liver is a vital organ fulfilling a central role in over 500 major metabolic functions, including serving as the most essential site for drug biotransformation. Dysfunction of the drug biotransformation processes may ... -
Recent advances in understanding hypertension development in sub-Saharan Africa
(Nature, 2017)Consistent reports indicate that hypertension is a particularly common finding in black populations. Hypertension occurs at younger ages and is often more severe in terms of blood pressure levels and organ damage than in ... -
Recent developments in our understanding of the implications of traditional African medicine on drug metabolism
(Taylor & Francis, 2018)Introduction: The use of traditional herbal medicines has become increasingly popular globally, but in some countries, it is the main or sometimes even the only healthcare service available in the most rural areas. This ... -
Recent progress in the development of anti-malarial quinolones
(BioMed Central, 2014)Available anti-malarial tools have over the ten-year period prior to 2012 dramatically reduced the number of fatalities due to malaria from one million to less than six-hundred and thirty thousand. Although fewer people ... -
Receptor-mediated potencies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban sediments: comparisons of toxic equivalency risk assessment
(Springer, 2019)The Klip River, flowing through South Africa’s most populated urban area—Soweto and Lenasia—is subject to various pollution and anthropogenic influences, including great concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ...