Motivation: Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. In South Africa, the stroke incidence and mortality rate increased significantly in the last 30 years. Elevated plasma levels of the multimeric glycoprotein, ...

Motivation. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a central regulatory component implicated in sodium and water homeostasis that affects blood volume and pressure. Dysregulation of this system results in increased blood ...

Background and motivation: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an enzyme with both pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative functions. Previous studies in the United States have found MPO levels to be higher in African American than in ...

Motivation - The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a global health concern, with an estimation of 38 million people living with HIV. Out of these 38 million people living with HIV, 70% are residing in ...

Background and motivation: The global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including hypertension is ever-increasing, especially in the South African context. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a vital role in normal vascular ...

Motivation: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death, accounting for approximately 17.9 million deaths annually, with 75% occurring in low-and middle-income countries. A number of studies have implicated ...

Background and motivation - Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a serine protease inhibitor known for its classic role in fibrinolysis, has in recent years gained attention for its association with impaired vascular ...