Morphological modification of Chromolaena odorata cellulosic biomass using alkaline peroxide oxidation pretreatment methodology and its enzymatic conversion to biobased products
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Date
2018Author
Ayeni, Augustine O.
Sekoai, Patrick T.
Daramola, Michael O.
Awoyomi, Adeola
Elehinafe, Francis B.
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In this study, the structural modification of Siam weed (Chromolaena
odorata) was performed using NaOH–H2O2- and Ca(OH)2–H2O2-based oxidative pretreatment
for the enzymatic conversion of the biomass to a biocommodity, reducing
sugar (RS). Pretreatment of raw sample was evaluated at temperatures of 60°C, 70°C,
80°C, 90°C for different time intervals of 3, 6, 9, 12 h in alkaline medium (NaOH or Ca
(OH)2). The effects of pretreatment time and temperaturewere considered in obtaining
the optimum conditions. The optimumconditions for NaOH–H2O2 was obtained at 70°C
and 3 h with a maximum cellulose content of 44.29%(w/w), lignin content reduced to
21.09% from the initial raw value of 24.2%. Pretreatment with Ca(OH)2–H2O2 resulted
in the optimum conditions obtained to be 70°C for 3 h with a cellulose content of
47.18%. Enzymatic hydrolysis on the pretreated biomass at the optimum conditions
showed NaOH–H2O2-treated sample yielded 424.35 mg equivalent glucose/g biomass
of RS while Ca(OH)2–H2O2-treated sample yielded 335.81 mg equivalent glucose/g
biomass of RS. The untreated raw sample yielded 68.75 mg equivalent glucose/g
biomass of RS. Consequently, NaOH–H2O2 pretreatment displayed a higher efficiency
than Ca(OH)2–H2O2 pretreatment. Stereomicroscopic and scanning electron microscopic
imaging of the treated and untreated samples revealed morphological disruptions
brought about by the treatments
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