The control and administration of Port Elizabeth's African population, c. 1834 - 1923.

Abstract

• Opsomming: Woonbuurtontwikkeling in Port Elizabeth gedurende die 19de eeu is gekenmerk deur herhaalde pogings om swart woongebiede (lokasies) weg van die middestad en die nabyheid van wit woonbuurte te verskuif. Tot 1902 het die plaaslike owerheid voortgegaan om swart bewoning te reguleer deur die stigting van bykomende munisipale lokasies. Om die hervestiging van swartes in die nuwe lokasies te bewerkstellig, het die munisipaliteit van Port Elizabeth begin steun op wette vir die verwydering van plakkers, die opruiming van krotbuurte en die hantering van oorbevolkte lokasies as 'n gesondheidsgevaar. In 1903 is wetgewing aanvaar wat die munisipaliteit in staat gestel het om sy program van grootskaalse ontruiming en krotopruiming in werking te stel. Dieselfde jaar het 'n verandering ingetree in die administrasie van lokasies toe die New Brighton-lokasie aan die regering van die Kaapkolonie oorgedra is. Eers in 1923 het die munisipaliteit van Port Elizabeth hierdie verantwoordelikheid weer op homself geneem.

• Summary: Residential development in Port Elizabeth during the 19th century is characterized by continual attempts to remove African locations from the centre of town and the proximity of white residential areas. Until 1902 the local authority continued to regulate African settlement through the establishment of additional municipal locations. To accomplish the resettlement of Africans in the new locations, the municipality of Port Elizabeth came to rely on laws for the removal of squatters, slum clearance and treating the overcrowded African locations as a health hazard. The introduction of legislation in 1903 facilitated the municipality's programme of mass evictions and slum clearance. In the same year a change in the administration of locations had also occurred when responsibility for the New Brighton location was transferred to the Cape Colonial government. This responsibility only reverted to the Port Elizabeth municipality in 1923.