dc.contributor.author | Fox, L.T. | |
dc.contributor.author | Gerber, M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Grobler, A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Du Preez, J.L. | |
dc.contributor.author | Du Plessis, J. | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-01-11T09:29:43Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-01-11T09:29:43Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Fox, L.T. et al. 2011. Topical and transdermal delivery of L-carnitine. Skin pharmacology and physiology, 24(6):331-336. [https://doi.org/10.1159/000330385] | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1660-5527 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1660-5535 (Online) | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7869 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/330385 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.1159/000330385 | |
dc.description | Journal of pharmacological and biophysical research | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Background: The two types of skin aging (intrinsic and extrinsic) share important molecular features, while having distinct differences on the macromolecular level: both lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species, enhanced matrix metalloproteinase expression and decreased procollagen synthesis. L-Carnitine L-tartrate has been reported to have anti-aging effects.
Aim and Methods: The delivery as well as the transport of L-carnitine to the target sites, i.e. stratum corneum and epidermis-dermis of female abdominal skin, with and without the use of Pheroid™ as delivery system, were investigated during this study by use of Franz diffusion cells and analysed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The presence of endogenous L-carnitine in human skin was also investigated.
Results and Conclusion: The Pheroid™ delivery system enhanced the diffusion of L-carnitine through the skin, although the phosphate buffer solution (PBS) showed a higher concentration of the active agent in the skin layers. This could be because Pheroid, being more lipophilic than PBS, improved the diffusion of L-carnitine through the skin layers, consequently leading to a lesser amount of L-carnitine delivered to the target site, i.e. the epidermis-dermis. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Karger | en_US |
dc.subject | L-Carnitine L-tartrate | en_US |
dc.subject | Pheroid™ | en_US |
dc.subject | Skin aging | en_US |
dc.subject | Topical delivery | en_US |
dc.title | Topical and transdermal delivery of L-carnitine | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.contributor.researchID | 11008857 - Grobler, Anne Frederica | |
dc.contributor.researchID | 12815268 - Fox, Lizelle Trifena | |
dc.contributor.researchID | 11329025 - Gerber, Minja | |
dc.contributor.researchID | 10065318 - Du Plessis, Jeanetta | |
dc.contributor.researchID | 10060510 - Du Preez, Jan Lourens | |